This book is both invitation and challenge to the profession to contribute to the growth, effectiveness, and longevity of chaplaincy by increasing its research literacy and by supporting or participating in research opportunities. For a mix of reasons, empirical outcomes research has not been an inherent part of chaplaincy and to some it may seem incongruous with the heart and intent of chaplains’ caring practices. We understand that many of us, having been informed by the content and methods of theology and the humanities rather than more empirical fields of study, may find the inclusion of research in the chaplain’s portfolio to be a challenge and in some cases even an imposition. With this in mind we have tried to address not only the exciting possibilities of chaplaincy research, but also the concerns and obstacles that could discourage chaplains from exploring the role of research in patient care and chaplain education.